3D design and Modelling

Inquiring and Analysing

Introduction:

I am a Student of IT. I have created this blog to show you my term 1 work. My term one work is on 3D printing. We are using a software usedTinkercad I will update this blog with information on The evolution of Printers and other information. I will also update this blog with my work that I did on Tinkercad.

Johannes Gutenberg is the father of printmaking. He was born in 1398 and died on February 3, 1486. He was a German blacksmith, goldsmith, printer, and publisher who showed printing to Europe. This is a picture of his invention:

His invention was a mechanical movable printer, this started the printing revolution. This invention is known as the most important event of the modern period. Gutenberg in 1439 was the first European to use the printing press and movable type (his invention) in Europe. Some of his many contributions are: the invention of a process for mass-producing movable type, he used the oil based ink for printing books, adjustable molds, mechanical movable type, he used a wooden printing press similar to screw presses in his time. 


 

Type of Printer	When was it invented	Who invented it	Technology used	Advantage/Disadvantage
Laser	1969	Gary Starkweather	Electrostatic digital printing	They are very quiet. They are the most expensive type of printer.
Dot Matrix	1968	Howard	Computer Printing	These types of printers are cheap. The output is not high resolution.
Thermal	c. 1972	Jack S. Kilby	Heat sensitive ribbon	They are cheap. When the printer gets too hot it uses more ink than it actually should.
Inkjet	1951	Hewlett-Packard	Computer printing (inkjet technologies)	The printouts are usually wet when they come out. It has more compact than a laser printer.
Daisy Wheel	1969	David S. Lee	Impact printing	The print quality is high. They are very noisy, slow and you have to change the ribbon.

 




 Laser Printer



 





 Dot Matrix Printer











 Thermal Printer
















 Inkjet Printer









Daisy Wheel Printer






In 1993 the world's first digital colour printing press was launched called Indigo. Overnight it changed the printing world - customers were able to choose short-run, personalised and high quality print straight from the desktop. The name of the printing press series is from a company made by Benny Landa in 1977 to invent the world’s fastest photocopier. Benny later discovered that the ink developed for the photocopier (the ink was called ElectroInk) can also be used in printers. ElectroInk uses small colour particles called Isopar that can be attracted or repelled by a voltage differential. The ink forms a thin and smooth plastic layer on the paper surface.
In 2000 the Hewlett Packard Company made a $100 million investment in Indigo, which represented 13% of the company's shares. A year later, on 6 September, HP said that it was to acquire the remaining shares for $629 million.

3D Printers

Chuck Hull invented 3D printing. 3D printing or additive manufacturing is the process of making three dimensional solid objects from a digital file. The making of a 3D printed object is achieved using additive processes. In an additive process an object is created by laying down successive layers of material until the entire object is created. Each of these layers can be seen as a thinly sliced horizontal cross-section of the eventual object.

The material used to create the 3D objects is Plastic. The plastic types that can be used are ABS plastic, PLA, Polyamide which is nylon, glass filled Polyamide, Stereolithography materials (epoxy resins), Silver, Titanium, Steel, Wax, Photopolymers and Polycarbonate.

It starts with making a virtual design of the object you want to create. The virtual design is made on a Computer (Computer Aided Design) file using a 3D modeling program (to be able to create a totally new object). A 3D scanner makes a whole 3D digital copy of the object that you want to create. 3D scanner have different ways to generate a model such as time-of-flight, structured/modulated light, volumetric scanning and many more methods. 

Recently a lot of IT companies such as Microsoft and Google have enabled their hardware to do 3D scanning, a great example is Microsoft's Kinect. This shows that in the future hand held devices such as smartphones, Ipads/Tablets will have integrated 3D scanners. Digitizing real objects into 3D models will become as easy as taking a picture.

3D printing can be used for medical purposes. Prosthetic limbs can be created, though some of these 3D printed limbs are structurally sound and aesthetically pleasin, researches still have to do alot of research to actually be able to replace a limb with on of the 3D printed prosthetic limbs. Troy Baverstock is a 3D printing enthusiast and is a student at Australia's Griffith University. He made a 3D printed add on for prosthetic legs that contains various sensors to help prosthetic users keep track of their external and internal worlds.
People with an interest in 3D printing or doctors would use 3D printing as a new technology of prosthetic body parts.

References:

http://www.innovateus.net/innopedia/what-are-different-types-printmaking-0

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

https://www.printed.com/history-of-digital-print

https://www.google.ae/search?safe=strict&q=who+invented+3d+printing&cad=b&biw=1600&bih=799&es_sm=93&cad=cbv&sei=TBMKVqCTG8SBUd_PmugN

https://www.google.ae/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=what%20material%20is%20used%20for%203d%20printers

http://3dprinting.com/what-is-3d-printing/

 http://3dprintingindustry.com/2015/09/17/smart-sensory-prosthetic-links-wearers-to-the-iot/